Chilled moldboard and point for plows and the method of making same



C. A. BACON.

CHILLED MOLDEOARD AND POINT FOR PLOWS AND THE METHOD 0F MAKING SAME.

` MVINZOR. 4

Flueo MAR. 29. 4l 920.

d WWWWj/,Q

Wwf

Patented Deel2@ 1922.

@UNITED 1S, 'iM-"IFES,A Partnr arnet,

onannnsanrnn BACON, orls'onfrn Bunn, innintim;`

CHILIInD ivionnnonan Ann rornrron rLows `ann rnfnfnnrnon or MAKING sanza Applicationled March 29, 1920. Serial 369,466. i

To @ZZ whom t `11mg/concern.' Be it known that l, CHARLES'. ALLEN BACON, a citizen of the United Statesa resid.-

ing at South Bend,` in the county` ofSt.

Joseph and State of Indiana, have invented certain new `and useful Improvements lin Chilled Moldboardsand 4Points for Plows andthe Method offlv/fakingy Same, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to an article of manufacture comprising mold board and point for plows and the method of making same, and has for its object to produce a,

mold board and point for plows in which the operative surfaces thereof shall be constructed of chilled cast metal7 but in which there shall be an interioror inner .stratum of a tough and softer metal as steel of a low` carbon content, the improved method being designed to permit the opera-ture` and wear` ing surfaces of both mold board and point to be formed ofcast chilled mel-.al united with the said inner stratum` of tougher metal of low carbon content, which is a result not heretofore attained in the 'manfacture of mold boards and points for plows.

Other objects of thejinvention will appear from the following descriptiom which is 'directed to the preferred embodiment as here? inafter described and claimed, `and illustrated as faras possible inthe drawingiwhich forms a part of the specification.

In the 4said drawing7 Fig'. lis a view-in` side elevation of a mold board and point of conventional form illustrating the zmanner in which the soft metal4 inner stratjinn ap-` pears whencast in the chilledmold board or point.

.Figi 2 is a detail sectional View through` the moldboard on line 2*-2 of Fig. l, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows,

and showing the relative arrangement of the outer chilled strata of metal landthe inner or intermediate stratumoftoughmetal of low carbon content. f l A Fig. 3 is a sectional `view similar toFig.l 2, being taken through ftheplow point on line 3-3 of Fig. l.

F ig. et` is anillustrative view showing a;

flask in section in which a mold board may be formed or. cast in accordance withkthe,

method of theinventijonythe flask itself being shown in `section aswell as the metallic hollow steam heatedchill. i ln this view the intermediate stratum of metal of lowacarbon content is shown in position in the iiasli H to receive the metal forming the fouter strata 3 of a chilled moldboard or point in carrying out the method embodyingfthe invention.

` 1,. lIt isv well `recognized inthe art of manufacturing agricultural implements such as plows, that itfis)` desirabley to provide the wearing lsurfaces of. the `points or shares and ,mold boardswith hardened chilled sunv faces wherever such surfaces come in diboards ofrolled metal as steel, it has been proposed toform a composite member for the pointsand mold boards yby rolling to-r gether sheets of steel of high carbon conm tent on the.` outer surface with an inner stratum of a tougher metal as steel of low carbon content.' Certain advantages how-y ever, lare linherent in cast mold boards andw points for Lcertain conditions of soil overany rolled lor otherwise forged and mechanically `formed and .i tempered metallic points and mold boards. Therefore it has been theaim of the present. improvement to combine in cast chilled mold boardand point `all the adfy vantages of mold boards andgpoints asfhere-4 tofore rolled or forged `and hardened with` out havingy any disadvantages ofthe latter.y

In carrying out my invention in the .fon`

ffiist. foriu` the inner stratum of ductile yor tough metal `as steel of low carboncontent `in,substantially the forni `or outline of mation of mold boardsand points for plowsa` the co1npleted mold board `or ypointas .illustra-ted for example in Fig.` :lf by the dotted line, it being the .intention that :this inner stratum.y shall 'extend' fori` strengthening purposes substantially throughout the completed `mold board and point,` as will be seen from an yinspection of the indicated inner stratum,` as shown inFig. 1 and "as 'illustrated `also `in section through the mold board and point respectively in Figs. 2 andl i The reference character lOis used gen-v erally tot indicate the mold boardand reference character lll is applied generally to the point. or share of the plow. Reference vharacters a and?)A indicate the inserts or innerstratumfof the mold board endpoint or share respectively. bviously, the inpreferred methoc vent-ion be. applied to the vproduction of mold boards and points of any desired configuration and from an inspection of thev sectional views of mold board and point or share respectively,w as show-n 1n Flgsrv and;

3, tfwillbe seen that on the, exterior of the inner strata a and. 2') of tough duct-ile steel of low carbon content, l t'orm a coating of cast chilled'nietal, prefcrably'onfbothsides ot the `inner plates or and' Z1, althon h points or shares. Some chil-lingandFf-conse-1 quent hardening-ot' the strata onthe yopposite sides ot both-pointand mold boa-rd will occur -inf practice -on laccount of the contact olf the moltenJ metal'withtheinsertl or inner stratum oilmetalot low' carbon content in the casting operation, so that substantially all of the-outer and exposed surfaces of bothV mold boards and points when constructed inaccordance with' the invention will be" 'of` principles ol' the y chilled Ahardened; metal.- The-details ot lthel l ot practicing the inveni tion will be 'madeapparent fromthe toltrolv the temperature thereof,l and' henceitof y, control theA resulting Achill imparted to the l ing. The upper part ot the casting frame reference charac-ter d. ber or" chill `(l lis :shown' provided with a steam supplyl pipe e* connectingwithl` its' f lowing description, with particular reference to Fig, 4L, fromY which it will be seen that a laslcor casting frame is` provided vrot the usual two-part form, inA which the lower frame ondrag; which may be of hollow metal, contains a hollow member of' metal,` which is designated; ink Fig. fi by This hollow mein'- hollow interior for warming same-tol conmolten"metall poured into .the ltlaslc'in feast'- ortlaslr, commonlycalled the cope, is des- `ignatedby reference character` l5, while reference character vla is applied to the lower *part thereof.` The exposed upper surlace ol the chill (l will `obviously conform to thewearing surface' of either `the mold boardorplow' point or share5I as the case may be; althoughthe chill Z yo Fig; 4 is particularlyintended Ufor casting mold boards; and in casting4 points"y I find `that efficient chilll may 'beimparted to the re- .sulting product by the introduction of a non-steam heated y'metallic chill of simple form, il" desired. In casting` mold,boards,`v

however, thev lsteam'heated chill is preferable.

The4 inner stratum of steel'of low carfV bon content `used in tormingmold boards -is illustrated in'V Fig; 4 as in proper yposition in the mold cavity for the flask to receivethe molten metal as `designated in the drawings ;by.=rei"ere1ice character a. `It will be seen from an .inspection ot this part in Figs that plate a is suspended within the recess formed by the mold in the i'iask when assembled-f `The flask may bel ofthe-form commonly used in foundry practice as indicated, consisting ot the two parts l/-l and l5', and the interior lnold will be formed by the 'introduction ot the pattern and the subsequent `granular` materialof sand to form the mold. After the separation otth'e tiasl and the removal of the'- pattern the stratum or plate ot tough metal l ot low carbon content a will be introduced into the mold cavity and will v*beheld in itsproper position lto permit the tlow ofthe molten chilled cast' metal on botlr` sides thereof, as illustrated vin Fig. 4.- Any suitable means maybe employed to posit-ionl the inner plate or stratu'ma wit-hin thel mold cavity: priori to the introduction of1 they molten metal to complete the mold boa-rd or point.`

One `method of positioningthe plates a inthe moldused' by me -has been to sus#V pend the platesfrom wires held iny thefup` per section -or cope et the mold. The ret' erence character Q0 'designates one ot such hooked' wir Yfastened in the-cope as'indicated `at the-rigrl'it end ot Fig. il.V Obviously, it such be used a plurality will be required around the periphery` ot' the plate 6twhen in position in the mold. Upon the introduc tion oit the 1 molten metal such wireswill serve the purpose otretaining the plateein-` proper position until it will` beheldbythe cooling and chilling of the molten metal,v which at the same time-will 'result in melting the wire and amalgamatingsame with? the metal of thefresnltinp;product.`

u Aanother methodll have-employed successfully infpositionin'g the inner stratum plates a inthe mold cavity consi stsoiisinall blocksl or portions' otnietal'all substantially the same quality as `usediin castingtlre outer strata ofthe mold board or-point.'AL plu'- rality oi` these may be scattered overftlie` "upper exposed surface ot the chill Z ot the l in y the 'f conventional:` nia-nner through an opening inthe mold, as-indicatedfby retenen'cecharacterQ/, the same extending downwardlyV through cope and drag to the mold lcavity at one ot the lateralI edges, it being preferred that the oriticeleading tov the cavity shall permit theentry ot *metal lll) throughoutthe entire thickness of the cavity so that the metal will flow freely .into the 'mold cavity and directly ontop of the chill as well as on the top side of the mold cavity,

and consequently, on the upper sidey of the inner stratum or plates a and b.

In order to insure the best union or `contact between the strata of the composite mold boards or points formed according tok the principles of the invention, I follow the practice of immersing or pickling the inner stratum plates a and b in a suitableacid solution, as well known in the art, to ren move foreign particles and to roughen the surface. In order to further insure an inu separable union between the strata of the completed product, I prefer to form also especially in plates a of the mold board a number of comparatively small perfora` tions, as indicated by reference character g, Fig. l. Obviously, the molten metal forming the outer strata of the mold board in liowing along both top and bottom side of the plate will pass through such perforations and meet, thus more firmly locking the inner-stratum plates a and Zn in the resulting product. After the casting operation, as described, takes place, no other `special steps are necessary, the mold boards and points being simply removed from 'the flasks and treated as ordinary chilled cast mold boards and points to put them in condition for commercial usage on the plow.

In practicing the above described method in the formation of chilled mold board and point castings I have found that the operative -surfaces of the castings come from the molds in a more perfect condition than in the ordinary chilled casting operations heretofore employed, this condition being more perfect with respect to smoothness as well as harder, and such hardness is of a more Y uniform character than in chilledmold boards as cast by heretofore common prac-- tice Another important result attained in mold boards and points cast by my improved process results from the fact that withv the steely centers of low carbon content, although the outer and wearing surfaces are of a harder character and more uniform with t respect to this quality, they are also found to resist fracture or breakage to a 'much greater extent than in mold boards and points of a corresponding thickness formed of chilled cast metal throughout. rIlests on mold boards and points made according to` Y the method herein described indicate to me that a mold board or point made in accordance with my invention will resist breakage considerable extent the details thereof, as

herein set forth.

I claim: y

The herein described method of making mold boards and points for plow bottoms which consists in positioning in a mold cavity an inner stratum `sheet of the general form of the mold board or point, said inner stratum sheet consisting of steel of low carbon content, and subsequently admitting to the interior of the mold molten metal to form a stratum or covering over said inner stratum sheet, the said covering or stratum being subjected in the mold to means for chilling and hardening the exterior surface thereof.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification,on this 17th day of *Maroln A. I). 1920.

l lyon'niet'as ALLEN Bacon, 

